Each candlestick consists of a body, a vertical line extending upwards from the body, and a vertical line extending downwards from the body. The vertical lines are called shadows.

The edges of the body represent the opening and closing price depending on whether the candle is white or black one.

• On a white candle, the top edge is the closing price. The bottom edge is the opening price. A white candle represents uptrends.
• On a black candle, the top edge is the opening price. The bottom edge is the closing price. A black candle represents downtrends.

The body measures the distance between the open and the close. If there is little price movement, the body will be very short. If there is no price movement, then the body will have no height and appears as a horizontal line.

The opening and closing prices represented by the body correspond to the midpoint, i.e. the bid price plus the ask price divided by two.

The top end of the upper vertical line represents the average of the highest ask and bid rate reached during the interval.

The bottom end of the lower vertical line represents the average of the lowest bid and ask rate reached during the interval.